{"id":81,"date":"2009-07-01T15:49:45","date_gmt":"2009-07-01T14:49:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/?p=81"},"modified":"2011-11-15T12:11:08","modified_gmt":"2011-11-15T11:11:08","slug":"myslite-si-ze-jsme-velci-podivejte-se-ze-nejsme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/?p=81","title":{"rendered":"Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee jsme  velc\u00ed? Pod\u00edvejte se, \u017ee nejsme&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"po\u010det p\u0159e\u010dten\u00ed :27097<br\/><div class=\"fblikebutton_button\" style=\"float: right; margin-left: 10px;\"><iframe src=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/plugins\/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dreamer.cz%2Fblogs%2F%3Fp%3D81&amp;layout=standard&amp;show-faces=true&amp;width=450&amp;action=like&amp;colorscheme=light\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowTransparency=\"true\" style=\"border:none; overflow:hidden; width:450px; height:26px\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p><span id=\"post-ratings-81\" class=\"post-ratings\" data-nonce=\"a5d350e5fc\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"rating_81_1\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-postratings\/images\/stars\/rating_on.gif\" alt=\"1 Star\" title=\"1 Star\" onmouseover=\"current_rating(81, 1, '1 Star');\" onmouseout=\"ratings_off(5, 0, 0);\" onclick=\"rate_post();\" onkeypress=\"rate_post();\" style=\"cursor: pointer; border: 0px;\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"rating_81_2\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-postratings\/images\/stars\/rating_on.gif\" alt=\"2 Stars\" title=\"2 Stars\" onmouseover=\"current_rating(81, 2, '2 Stars');\" onmouseout=\"ratings_off(5, 0, 0);\" onclick=\"rate_post();\" onkeypress=\"rate_post();\" style=\"cursor: pointer; border: 0px;\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"rating_81_3\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-postratings\/images\/stars\/rating_on.gif\" alt=\"3 Stars\" title=\"3 Stars\" onmouseover=\"current_rating(81, 3, '3 Stars');\" onmouseout=\"ratings_off(5, 0, 0);\" onclick=\"rate_post();\" onkeypress=\"rate_post();\" style=\"cursor: pointer; border: 0px;\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"rating_81_4\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-postratings\/images\/stars\/rating_on.gif\" alt=\"4 Stars\" title=\"4 Stars\" onmouseover=\"current_rating(81, 4, '4 Stars');\" onmouseout=\"ratings_off(5, 0, 0);\" onclick=\"rate_post();\" onkeypress=\"rate_post();\" style=\"cursor: pointer; border: 0px;\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"rating_81_5\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-postratings\/images\/stars\/rating_on.gif\" alt=\"5 Stars\" title=\"5 Stars\" onmouseover=\"current_rating(81, 5, '5 Stars');\" onmouseout=\"ratings_off(5, 0, 0);\" onclick=\"rate_post();\" onkeypress=\"rate_post();\" style=\"cursor: pointer; border: 0px;\" \/> (<b>1<\/b> votes, average: <b>5.00<\/b> out of 5)<br \/><span class=\"post-ratings-text\" id=\"ratings_81_text\"><\/span><\/span><span id=\"post-ratings-81-loading\" class=\"post-ratings-loading\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-postratings\/images\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"post-ratings-image\" \/>Loading...<\/span><br \/>\nLid\u00e9 si o sob\u011b mysl\u00ed, \u017ee jsou st\u0159edem v\u0161ehom\u00edra a \u017ee ji\u017e v\u0161echno vid\u011bli a sly\u0161eli. \u017dijete v dom\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee rodn\u00e1 vesnice \u010di m\u011bsto je obrovsk\u00fd prostor, se kter\u00fdm se ned\u00e1 nic m\u011b\u0159it? \u017de let na Africk\u00fd kontinent do Egypta je ohromn\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost? Letadla let\u00edc\u00ed na obloze jsou ohromn\u00e9 stroje, kter\u00e9 let\u00ed daleko? Tak mi dovolte v\u0161echny vyv\u00e9st z omylu a poj\u010fme se spolu pod\u00edvat po tom, co bude opravdu obrovsk\u00e9 a p\u0159esto st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b velmi mal\u00e9. Pod\u00edv\u00e1me se do Vesm\u00edru na n\u011bkolik nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch hv\u011bzd, kter\u00e9 jsou lidstvu zn\u00e1mi. Pod\u00edv\u00e1me se na rud\u00e9 veleobry, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou absolutn\u011b mimo na\u0161e m\u011b\u0159\u00edtka&#8230;<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>Startovn\u00ed pozice a na\u0161e rodn\u00e9 &#8220;depo&#8221;:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me na na\u0161\u00ed rodn\u00e9 planet\u011b &#8211; na Zemi. Na\u0161e domovina a krajina, po kter\u00e9 se budeme vyd\u00e1vat se jmenuje galaxie Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha (Milky Way). Pat\u0159\u00ed do kategorie spir\u00e1ln\u00edch galaxi\u00ed s osmi rameny.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/09\/Milky_Way_2005.jpg\/200px-Milky_Way_2005.jpg\" alt=\"Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e1 Dr\u00e1ha tak, jak pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vypad\u00e1\" \/> Zde je pohled na na\u0161\u00ed galaxii tak, jak asi vypad\u00e1 z vrchu. Na\u0161e slune\u010dn\u00ed soustava se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v osm\u00e9m rameni, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve 2\/3 jeho velikosti od st\u0159edu galaxie. Na\u0161e slunce je jen jednou z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 200 miliard hv\u011bzd, kter\u00e9 jsou v na\u0161\u00ed galaxii. Velikost cel\u00e9 Ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 25 000 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let, tady pom\u011brn\u011b daleko z jednoho konce na druh\u00fd. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, t\u00edm jsme jen nast\u00ednili prostor, ve kter\u00e9m se budeme pohybovat, proto\u017ee my se zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme na jednotliv\u00e9 objekty, kter\u00e9 jsou tro\u0161ku men\u0161\u00edho vzez\u0159en\u00ed, ne\u017e je cel\u00e1 galaxie&#8230;<br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\nAldebaran<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed zast\u00e1vkou na na\u0161\u00ed cest\u011b je prvn\u00ed z rud\u00fdch obr\u016f &#8211; Aldebaran. Od n\u00e1s je vzd\u00e1len 65 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let, tak\u017ee jsme cestou k n\u011bmu prol\u00e9tli n\u011bkolika souhv\u011bzd\u00edmi a dal\u0161\u00edmi syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s ale nezaj\u00edmaly. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce jsme se ale p\u0159ibli\u017eovali k Aldebaranu, t\u00edm v\u00edce bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee nen\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hv\u011bzdokupy Hyj\u00e1dy, ale \u017ee je jen jejich p\u0159edvojem, jak\u00fdmsi obrovs\u00fdm str\u00e1\u017ecem, kter\u00fd je daleko p\u0159ed touho hv\u011bzdokupou.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/starryskies.com\/articles\/dln\/1-00\/pleiades.hyades.png\" alt=\"Hyj\u00e1dy a Aldebaran\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Vlevo je hv\u011bzdokupa Hyj\u00e1dy a jakoby v nich je rud\u00fd Aldebaran tak, jak je vid\u00edme ze Zem\u011b. Vpravo je zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzdokupa Plej\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n<p>Aldebaran s\u00e1m je rud\u00fd veleobr, tedy hv\u011bzda v kone\u010dn\u00e9m st\u00e1diu sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Sp\u00e1lil u\u017e ve\u0161ker\u00fd vod\u00edk a proto se jeho velikost zv\u011bt\u0161ila, jak za\u010dal spalovat H\u00e9lium. S\u00e1m sv\u00edt\u00ed 150x v\u00edce, ne\u017e na\u0161e domovsk\u00e1 hv\u011bzda Slunce. Jako jedin\u00fd z rud\u00fdch obr\u016f dostane poctu n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy n\u00e1mi vyroben\u00e9ho t\u011blesa. Sonda Pioneer 10 k n\u011bmu doraz\u00ed za 2 miliony let, pokud se j\u00ed za tu dobu nepostav\u00ed do cesty n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho \ud83d\ude42 P\u0159ed n\u011bkolika roky se zjistilo, \u017ee m\u00e1 Aldebaran mal\u00e9ho souputn\u00edka &#8211; hn\u011bd\u00e9ho trpasl\u00edka, kter\u00fd okolo n\u011bho putuje ve vzd\u00e1lenosti 240 milion\u016f kilometr\u016f. P\u0159\u00edzvisko mal\u00fd nen\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 z na\u0161eho m\u011b\u0159\u00edtka, ale pro Aldebaran ano. Planeta m\u00e1 odhadem velikost a hmotnost p\u0159ibli\u017ene 11 Jupiter\u016f, tak\u017ee ani tak to nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd drobek. No a jak my bychom vid\u011bli Aldebaran, kdybychom byli bl\u00edzko? Tak pro porovn\u00e1n\u00ed velikosti:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/bc\/Aldebaran.png\/180px-Aldebaran.png\" alt=\"Aldebaran a Slunce\" \/><\/p>\n<p>S\u00e1m je Aldebaran jednou z nejz\u00e1\u0159iv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch hv\u011bzd na obloze a proto ho lze velmi snadno naj\u00edt a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pozorovat. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b d\u00edky vzd\u00e1lenosti bude rozeznateln\u00fd jen jako sv\u00edtic\u00ed bod na na\u0161\u00ed obloze, a\u010dkoliv je opravdu kr\u00e1sn\u00fd a pozorovateln\u00fd i pouh\u00fdm okem. Ze zem\u011b ho lep\u0161\u00edm dalekohledem uvid\u00edme takto:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.m109.co.uk\/iuygu76rt8ruytfvuytf765rvu65rg865rvutyfv\/aldebaran_web_1.jpg\" alt=\"Aldebaran\" \/><\/p>\n<p>To byl tedy prvn\u00ed obr v na\u0161em sousedstv\u00ed. Ale po\u0159\u00e1d je\u0161t\u011b ne\u011blo o nic v\u00fdj\u00edme\u010dn\u00e9ho a to velik\u00e9 teprve p\u0159ijde \ud83d\ude42 A proto se po n\u00e1vratu na zemi vyd\u00e1v\u00e1me na dal\u0161\u00ed let a na\u0161\u00ed zast\u00e1vkou bude:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rigel<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.windows.ucar.edu\/the_universe\/images\/rigel_sm.jpg\" alt=\"Rigel a Orion\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Modr\u00fd gigant Rigel je dominantou souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Oriona. Modr\u00e1 barva pro n\u00e1s znamen\u00e1 vysokou povrchovou teplotu, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 20 000 stup\u0148\u016f a \u00factyhodn\u00e1 je i jeho velikost, kter\u00e1 je 70 na\u0161ich slunc\u00ed. Spalov\u00e1n\u00ed vod\u00edku u t\u00e9to hv\u011bzdy se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ke konci a proto i narostla jeho teplota. Rigel se rozp\u00edn\u00e1 a gravita\u010dn\u011b se pomalu ale jist\u011b v hv\u011bzdn\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159\u00edtk\u00e1ch bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9mu konci &#8211; v\u00fdbuchu jako supernova. Cesta n\u00e1m k n\u011bmu rychlost\u00ed sv\u011btla trvala 850 let, ale i tak jsme si po\u0159\u00e1d zalet\u011bli jen k soused\u016fm \ud83d\ude42 P\u0159esnou vzd\u00e1lenost se n\u00e1m ze Zem\u011b nepoda\u0159ilo ur\u010dit, proto\u017ee je d\u00edky sv\u00fdm vlastnostem mimo mo\u017enosti m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed spektroskopicky. Proto jsme ho my zm\u011b\u0159ili a\u017e na\u0161\u00edm letem. jak jsme se k Rigelu bl\u00ed\u017eili, potvrdilo se to, co se ze Zem\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo, toti\u017e \u017ee Rigel je Bin\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Rigel A a Rigel B. Rigel A je men\u011b\u00edm bratrem Rigela B a proto\u017ee je 500x m\u00e9n\u011b jasn\u00fd, ne\u017e jeho v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzda, ze Zem\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 tento syst\u00e9m spat\u0159it a\u017e po pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed dalekohledem s minim\u00e1ln\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011brem kolem 150mm, do t\u00e9 doby nebudeme m\u00edt dostate\u010dnou sv\u011btelnost.<br \/>\nSyst\u00e9m bin\u00e1rn\u00edch hv\u011bzd vypad\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b takto:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/07\/Eclipsing_binary_star_animation_2.gif\" alt=\"Binarn\u00ed soustava\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Rigel sv\u00edt\u00ed jako plynn\u00fd hypergigant 40 000x v\u00edce ne\u017e na\u0161e Slunce, tak\u017ee pobyt v jeho bl\u00edzkosti je pom\u011brn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd a n\u00e1m ned\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dob\u0159e. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b velmi dob\u0159e jeho svit d\u011bl\u00e1 mlhovin\u011b IC 2118, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako &#8220;Klobouk \u010darod\u011bjnice&#8221; (viz. prvn\u00ed obr\u00e1zek u Rigela), kterou tato ob\u0159\u00ed hv\u011bzda pomalu prol\u00e9t\u00e1 a kterou prosv\u011btluje. Rigel nele\u017e\u00ed v mlhovin\u011b Orionu, jak mu bylo p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no, ale je v\u016f\u010di zemi ve stejn\u00e9 rovin\u011b, nicm\u00e9n\u011b mlhovina Orionu le\u017e\u00ed tem\u011b\u0159 je\u0161t\u011b jednou tak daleko \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.astronomy.org\/StarWatch\/February\/orion.gif\" alt=\"Orion\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Polet\u00edme ale od Rigela d\u00e1le a nebudeme muset ani moc daleko. Dal\u0161\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed zast\u00e1vkou je op\u011bt souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Oriona a bude to jeho mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed obyvatel, hv\u011bzda Betelgeuse.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Beteleuse<\/strong> je op\u011bt rud\u00fd veleobr, ale u n\u011bj u\u017e se pr\u00e1vem pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 &#8220;Veleobr&#8221;, proto\u017ee velikost\u00ed si to maxim\u00e1ln\u011b zaslou\u017e\u00ed. Jeho pr\u016fm\u011br je dohadnut na necelou 1 miliardu kilometr\u016f. Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed, kdybychom ho posadili m\u00edsto na\u0161eho Slun\u00ed\u010dka, jeho disk by zasahoval a\u017e do p\u00e1su asteroid\u016f. Tak\u017ee jak pozem\u0161\u0165an\u00e9, po\u0159\u00e1d si mysl\u00edme, \u017ee jsme n\u011bco extra velik\u00e9ho?<br \/>\nBetelgeuse s\u00e1m je druhou nejsv\u00edtiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzdou v konstelaci Orionu (ano ano, Rigel ho p\u0159edehnal se sv\u00edtivost\u00ed \ud83d\ude42 ) a jeho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed je odhadnuto na pouh\u00fdch n\u011bkolik milion\u016f let, co\u017e je velmi m\u00e1lo. On jako hv\u011bzda tedy vede nev\u00e1zan\u00fd a divok\u00fd \u017eivot, kter\u00fd velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b skon\u010d\u00ed jako supernova. Dokonce se lidstvo dom\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee bychom mohli b\u00fdt sv\u011bdky tohoto hv\u011bzdn\u00e9ho p\u0159edstaven\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b my se to dozv\u00edme a\u017e 427 let po tom, co se to stane, proto\u017ee tolik let k n\u00e1m jeho sv\u011btlo polet\u00ed. Samotn\u00e1 hv\u011bzda je velmi dob\u0159e pozorovateln\u00e1 ze Zem\u011b a my uvid\u00edme jeho obr\u00e1zek p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b takto:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" title=\"Betelgeuse\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e8\/Betelgeuse_position_in_Orion.png\/250px-Betelgeuse_position_in_Orion.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"362\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Hv\u011bzda samotn\u00e1 je pravideln\u011b pozorov\u00e1na v\u011bdci z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, proto\u017ee se od roku 1991 za\u010dala rapidn\u011b smr\u0161\u0165ovat a do dnes ztratila na objemu p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 15%, co\u017e p\u0159i jeho obrovsk\u00e9m pr\u016fm\u011bru je vzd\u00e1lenost 907 Km za hodinu. Tolik se ka\u017edou hodinu propadne jeho povrch sm\u011brem k j\u00e1dru. To je neklamn\u00e1 p\u0159edzv\u011bst jeho budouc\u00edho v\u00fdbuchu jako supernovy, co\u017e by pro lidstvo bylo nejz\u00e1\u0159iv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159edstaven\u00edm na obloze. Svit takov\u00e9ho v\u00fdbuchu by dokonce byl intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e svit na\u0161eho m\u011bs\u00edce. V\u011bdci se shodli, \u017ee v\u00fdbuch by nevyvolal dostate\u010dn\u011b velik\u00fd z\u00e1blesk Gamma z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, aby b\u00e1m to na Zemi mohlo u\u0161kodit.<br \/>\nTak\u017ee opust\u00edme Betelgeuse a vyd\u00e1me se k dal\u0161\u00edmu gigantu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Antares<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/astroguyz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/06\/050624_iod_antares_04.jpg\" alt=\"Antares\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Antares je obrovsk\u00fd. Na na\u0161e m\u011b\u0159\u00edtka bychom mohli tuto hv\u011bzdu porovnat n\u00e1sledovn\u011b. Pokud by byla na m\u00edst\u011b Slunce, jeho obvod by sahal a\u017e k Marsu.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/15\/Redgiants.svg\/591px-Redgiants.svg.png\" alt=\"Anteres \" \/><\/p>\n<p>Jeho sv\u00edtivost je ekvivalentn\u00ed jako 65 000 Slunc\u00ed a je 800x v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Slunce. Je od n\u00e1s 600 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let daleko, tak\u017ee u\u017e p\u0159ecijen kousek cesty polet\u00edme, nicm\u00e9n\u011b po\u0159\u00e1d to m\u00e1me kous\u00ed\u010dek. Museli bychom pro n\u011bj do souhv\u011bzd\u00ed \u0160t\u00edra a hledali bychom ho jako 16-tou nejz\u00e1\u0159iv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzdu v\u016fbec. S\u00e1m obr m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 mal\u00e9ho souputn\u00edka, kter\u00fd byl spozorov\u00e1n. Hv\u011bzda, kter\u00e1 ho ob\u00fdh\u00e1 m\u00e1 velikost 170 Slunc\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed je po\u0159\u00e1d mal\u00e1. D\u00edky obrovsk\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu z jeho dr\u017eitele Antarese je vcelku obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ho pozorovat, nicm\u00e9n\u011b nen\u00ed to nemo\u017en\u00e9. S\u00e1m o sob\u011b m\u00e1 Antares pom\u011brn\u011b malou povrchoovou teplotu, kter\u00e1 je kolem 6000 stup\u0148\u016f, co\u017e je velmi m\u00e1lo a stejn\u011b tak m\u00e1 i velmi malou celkovou hmotnost. Je odhadnuto, \u017ee v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed 15-18-ti n\u00e1sobek na\u0161\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy a to je velmi m\u00e1lo na celkov\u00e9 zhroucen\u00ed na jeho konci \u017eivota. Proto se Antares velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jednoho dne stane B\u00edl\u00fdm trpasl\u00edkem. Jako hv\u011bzda vede oby\u010dejn\u00fd a spo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fd \u017eivot Rud\u00fdch obr\u016f..<\/p>\n<p>Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme se ke konci na\u0161eho putov\u00e1n\u00ed a na p\u0159edposledn\u00ed zast\u00e1vce se vyd\u00e1me velmi daleko za hranici na\u0161\u00ed soustavy, d\u00e1le ne\u017e jsme dosud byli, abychom nav\u0161t\u00edvili dvojhv\u011bzdu vzd\u00e1lenou 3000 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let od n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n<p>Dvojhv\u011bzdu <strong>VV Cephei<\/strong>.<br \/>\nCephei=Cefejda, ob\u0159\u00ed hv\u011bzdn\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kdy jedna hv\u011bzda z dvojhv\u011bzdy Cephei A je plznn\u00fd veleobr, jeho\u017e pr\u016fm\u011br je 1900 n\u00e1sobk\u016f Slunc\u00ed. Neum\u00edte si to p\u0159edstavit?<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/sklad.dreamer.cz\/cefejda.jpg\" alt=\"Cephei A\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Takto bychom Cefejdu porovnali s na\u0161\u00edm sol\u00e1rn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem, pokud by byla um\u00edst\u011bna do m\u00edsta na\u0161eho Slunce. Jak je vid\u011bt, zahrnula by v sob\u011b i planetu Jupiter. Na\u0161e Slunce by bylo jako mal\u00e1 \u0161pendl\u00edkov\u00e1 hlavi\u010dka, o na\u0161\u00ed Zemi nem\u00e1 smysl v\u016fbec mluvit<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b7\/Sun_and_VV_Cephei_A.svg\/400px-Sun_and_VV_Cephei_A.svg.png\" alt=\"Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Pokud bychom na\u0161e SLunce p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eili k povrchu, vypadalo by to p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b takto.<\/p>\n<p>Svoj\u00ed hmotnost\u00ed nijak nevy\u010dn\u00edv\u00e1, pouze 40x v\u00edce ne\u017e slunce a stejn\u011b tak ani hmotnost\u00ed. Abychom si ujasnili, jak to tam vypad\u00e1, \u0159ekli jsme si, \u017ee jde o dvojhv\u011bzdu. Rud\u00e9ho hypergiganta a malou modrou hv\u011bzdu. Ta m\u00e1 velikost pouze 10x na\u0161eho Slunce a ob\u00edh\u00e1 okolo sv\u00e9ho obrovsk\u00e9ho past\u00fd\u0159e, ze kter\u00e9ho pomalu, ale jist\u011b saje energii. Jeden ob\u011bh mu trv\u00e1 7430 dn\u00ed, tedy v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 let. Ze Zem\u011b nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 norm\u00e1ln\u011b onoho souputn\u00edka spat\u0159it a jeho p\u0159\u00edtomnost dokazuj\u00ed hlavn\u011b gravita\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edly a v\u00fdpo\u010dty.<br \/>\nZe Zem\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme onu Cefejdu vid\u011bt p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b takto:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/jumk.de\/astronomie\/img\/vv-cephei.jpg\" alt=\"Cefejda\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Rud\u00fd obr m\u00e1 315 000x v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sv\u00edtivost ne\u017e na\u0161e Slunce a modr\u00e1 hv\u011bzda p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 100 000x. To u\u017e nen\u00ed ani n\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 na pobyt a proto se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1me ze souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Cepheus do vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho vesm\u00edru za nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzdou, kter\u00e1 byla kdy objevena.<\/p>\n<p>Mus\u00edme se vypravit do souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Psa (Canis Major), abychom tam na\u0161li hv\u011bzdu <strong>Canis Majoris.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.daviddarling.info\/images\/VY_Canis_Majoris_Hubble.jpg\" alt=\"Canis Majoris\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Polet\u00edme 5000 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let daleko, abychom na\u0161li hv\u011bzdu, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 2500x v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br, ne\u017e je na\u0161e Slunce. Je to tak velik\u00e1 hv\u011bzda, \u017ee sv\u011btlu by okolo n\u00ed trval ob\u011bh 8 hodin. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee pr\u016fm\u011br disku by v na\u0161\u00ed Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b sahal a\u017e za hranice Marsu a \u017ee tato velikost je na sam\u00e9 hranici mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak\u00fdch velikost\u00ed lze ve vesm\u00edru dos\u00e1hnout. .<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/fe\/Sun_and_VY_Canis_Majoris.svg\/300px-Sun_and_VY_Canis_Majoris.svg.png\" alt=\"canis Majoris\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Takto by na\u0161e Slunce vypadalo v jej\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti. Canis Majoris \u017eije bou\u0159liv\u00fd \u017eivot rud\u00e9ho obra a velmi rychle spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 palivo, aby se jednoho dne zhroutila. Hv\u011bzda sama je zahalena obrovsk\u00fdm z\u00e1vojem plyn\u016f, kter\u00e9 sama ze sebe vyvrhuje a proto nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nem\u016f\u017eeme se ani p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit, proto\u017ee nejen z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, ale gravitace mocn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje v\u0161e v dalek\u00e9m okol\u00ed. Mocn\u00e9 v\u00fdrony plyn\u016f nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ekonat a ani se nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit k povrchu tohoto obra. Jeho prudk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj znamen\u00e1 obrovskou povrchovou \u010dinnost a rychle se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed podm\u00ednky v okol\u00ed hv\u011bzdy. Sama CM se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 z kategorie <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stellar_classification\">M hv\u011bzda<\/a> do klasifikace O. Tedy z rud\u00e9 hv\u011bzdy se stane modr\u00e1 hv\u011bzda. D\u00edky plyn\u016fm, kter\u00e9 sama planeta vyvrhuje, ztr\u00e1c\u00ed ka\u017edou hodinu tolik hmoty, kolik je ekvivalent 40 Zem\u00ed. Zahalila sama sebe do neprostupn\u00e9ho mra\u010dna, kter\u00e9 j\u00ed jako z\u00e1voj bude prov\u00e1zet a\u017e do konce jej\u00edho \u017eivota, kdy utvo\u0159\u00ed okolo Canis Majoris p\u016fsobiv\u00e9 prstence, po jej\u00edm z\u00e1niku.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/_JVXqJ8QkmJA\/SgrJqXVmimI\/AAAAAAAAKAY\/6jhg4CqVCSc\/s320\/140.jpg\" alt=\"Canis majoris\" \/><\/p>\n<p>T\u00edm na\u0161e putov\u00e1n\u00ed kon\u010d\u00ed. Jsme tit\u011brn\u00e1 planeta ve Vesm\u00edru a kdo si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee na\u0161e Zem\u011b je n\u011b\u010d\u00edm v\u00fdme\u010dn\u00e1, tak rozhodn\u011b to nen\u00ed velikost\u00ed. Neprob\u00edral jsem ot\u00e1zku \u017eivota na Zemi, ale \u010dist\u011b se zam\u011b\u0159il na porovn\u00e1n\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00edch veleobr\u016f pro n\u00e1s.<br \/>\nMo\u017en\u00e9 je, \u017ee jsem ud\u011blal n\u011bkde faktografickou chybu a pokud m\u011b na ni n\u011bkdo upozorn\u00ed v koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch, budu vd\u011b\u010dny \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>po\u010det p\u0159e\u010dten\u00ed :27097 Lid\u00e9 si o sob\u011b mysl\u00ed, \u017ee jsou st\u0159edem v\u0161ehom\u00edra a \u017ee ji\u017e v\u0161echno vid\u011bli a sly\u0161eli. \u017dijete v dom\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee rodn\u00e1 vesnice \u010di m\u011bsto je obrovsk\u00fd prostor, se kter\u00fdm se ned\u00e1 nic m\u011b\u0159it? \u017de let na Africk\u00fd kontinent do Egypta je ohromn\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost? Letadla let\u00edc\u00ed na obloze jsou ohromn\u00e9 stroje, kter\u00e9 let\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pQZ5w-1j","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=81"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":236,"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81\/revisions\/236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=81"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=81"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dreamer.cz\/blogs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=81"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}